Requirements for the design and operation of autonomous wastewater disposal systems (sewage) for residential buildings on individual (cottage) development plots by citizens

Currently, the installation and operation of autonomous wastewater disposal systems by citizens are regulated by the following legislative acts:

1) In the field of architectural, town-planning and construction activities;

2) On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population;

3) On the protection and use of waters.

In accordance with the legislation in the field of architectural, town-planning and construction activities, the design documentation for the wastewater disposal of a residential building is developed in accordance with the technical specifications for sewerage and other initial documents issued as part of the construction permit documentation for the construction object.

When operating autonomous sewerage systems, it is necessary to observe sanitary protection zones (from wastewater treatment facilities to the serviced facility), which, according to the SanPiN "Requirements for Wastewater Disposal Systems of Populated Areas", approved by the Resolution of the Ministry of Health dated 15.05.2012 No. 48, are: for watertight cesspools, septic tanks - at least 5 m; filtering wells - at least 8 m; underground filtration fields - at least 15 m; filtering trenches, sand-gravel filters - at least 25 m.

Based on the norms of sub-clause 12.10.5 of SN 3.01.03-2020 "Planning and Development of Populated Areas", autonomous sewerage systems can be operated on a permanent basis according to the following scheme:

with a storage tank (cesspool) for sewage and its removal by cesspool vehicles;

with autonomous treatment facilities (septic tanks with filtering wells, filtering trenches, etc.).

The construction of waterproof cesspools is permitted for detached buildings with a domestic wastewater flow rate of up to 1.0 m³/day with periodic removal of wastewater to the nearest wastewater treatment facilities. Requirements for the construction of waterproof cesspools are also established by the regime of economic and other activities in water protection zones (paragraph 3 of Article 53 of the Water Code of the Republic of Belarus (hereinafter - WC)).

Septic tanks should be designed as single- or multi-chamber tanks with waterproof walls and bottom, the external surfaces of which must be waterproofed.

Within the framework of legislation on protection and

and the discharge of wastewater using the terrain is not permitted (clause 7 of Article 47 of the Water Code). Wastewater after settling in septic tanks may be discharged into the environment using wastewater receivers installed in accordance with clause 2.44 of EcoNP 17.01.06-001-2017 "Environmental Protection and Nature Management. Environmental Safety Requirements".